Annealing
Solution Annealing, Isothermal, Spheroidized Annealing
Spheroidize Annealing :
- Spheroidize annealing is beneficial when subsequent machining and/or hardening is required (since the microstructure consists of rounded cementite particles in a ferrite matrix).
- The spheroidized condition is the true equilibrium state of the steel and is its softest condition.
- The spheroidized microstructure also ossesses good cold-forming characteristics.
- Generally, the larger the spheroids and the more distance between them, the greater the ability of the steel to be cold formed.
- The importance of prior condition in spheroidize nnealing applies to all steels regardless of carbon content, and the presence of coarse pearlite is ndesirable because of resistance to spheroidization
- Full Annealing - (Size - 1000 X 3000 mm)
Solution Annealing :
- Solution Annealing of stainless steel is a process which takes the carbides that have precipitated in the grain boundaries and dissolves then into the surrounding matrix.
- The austenitic stainless steel castings are typically solution annealed at temperatures more than 1040º C and rapidly cooled to prevent a repeat of carbide precipitation in the grain boundaries.
- Some alloys due to their low carbon content do not need a solution anneal due to carbide formation, but benefit from a solution anneal to achieve maximum corrosion resistance.
Full Annealing Service :
- A full anneal typically results in the second most ductile state a metal can assume for metal alloy.
- It creates a new uniform microstructure with good dynamic properties.
- To perform a full anneal on steel for example, steel is heated to 50°C above the austenic temperature and held for sufficient time to allow the material to fully form austenite or austenite-cementite grain structure.
- The material is then allowed to cool slowly so that the equilibrium microstructure is obtained.
- In some cases this means the material is allowed to air cool.
- In other cases the material is allowed to furnace cool.
- The details of the process depend on the type of metal and the precise alloy involved.
- In any case the result is a more ductile material but a lower yield strength and a lower tensile strength.
- This process is also called LP annealing for lamellar pearlite in the steel industry as opposed to a process anneal, which does not specify a microstructure and only has the goal of softening the material.
- Often the material to be machined is annealed, and then subject to further heat treatment to achieve the final desired properties.
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